c# - Entity Framework 6.1.3 and Oracle produces sql with Unicode on NonUnicode column -

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i'm using entity framework 6.1.3 oracle manageddataaccess 12.1.022 , oracle.manageddataaccess.entityframework 12.1.022 (nuget packages)(fig 1). project database first , imports model .edmx file running t4 code.

fig 1.fig 1

the database uses varchar2 columns , .edmx file recognizes them nonunicode. (fig 2 & 3)

fig 2. fig 2

fig 3.

![fig 3

when running query, oracle error ora-12704: character set mismatch. query:

var emp2 = db.employees                 .where(s => s.first_nm.toupper().startswith(term.toupper()) || s.last_nm.toupper().startswith(term.toupper()))                 .select(c => new                  {                      label = c.first_nm + " " + c.last_nm,                      value = c.first_nm + " " + c.last_nm                  });

using .totracestring() can see sql being sent is: 

select  1 "c1",  ((((case when ("extent1"."first_nm" null) n'' /* unicode here null value */ else "extent1"."first_nm" end)||(' ')))||(case when ("extent1"."last_nm" null) n''  else "extent1"."last_nm" end)) "c2",  ((((case when ("extent1"."first_nm" null) n'' else "extent1"."first_nm" end)||(' ')))||(case when ("extent1"."last_nm" null) n'' else "extent1"."last_nm" end)) "c3" "riskmgmt"."employee" "extent1" ((( nvl(instr(upper("extent1"."first_nm"), upper(:p__linq__0)), 0) ) = 1) or (( nvl(instr(upper("extent1"."last_nm"), upper(:p__linq__1)), 0) ) = 1))  /** parameters **/   p__linq__0[system.string] = j   /** parameters **/   p__linq__1[system.string] = j

the n'' portion of select clause causes error. if remove n, query work. i've found through searching issue in ef4 nothing currently. idea why happening , way fix produced sql not unicode?

i able fix issue splitting query 2 different pieces , adding .toarray() @ end of first where clause. wanted return json object solution. 

db.employees   .where(s => s.first_nm.toupper().startswith(term.toupper())            || s.last_nm.toupper().startswith(term.toupper()))  .toarray();

then formating json object:

return json(matching.select(m => new         {             id = m.emplid,             value = m.first_nm + " " + m.last_nm,             label = string.concat(m.first_nm, " ", m.last_nm),         }), jsonrequestbehavior.allowget);

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